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Liber Leviticus, 5

1. si peccaverit anima et audierit vocem jurantis testisque fuerit quod aut ipse vidit aut conscius est nisi indicaverit portabit iniquitatem suam

1. If any one sin, and hear the voice of one swearing, and is a witness either because he himself hath seen, or is privy to it: if he do not utter it, he shall bear his iniquity.

2. anima quæ tetigerit aliquid inmundum sive quod occisum a bestia est aut per se mortuum vel quodlibet aliud reptile et oblita fuerit inmunditiæ suæ rea est et deliquit

2. Whosoever toucheth any unclean thing, either that which hath been killed by a beast, or died of itself, or any other creeping thing: and forgetteth his uncleanness, he is guilty, and hath offended:

3. et si tetigerit quicquam de inmunditia hominis juxta omnem inpuritatem qua pollui solet oblitaque cognoverit postea subiacebit delicto

3. And if he touch any thing of the uncleanness of man, according to any uncleanness wherewith he is wont to be defiled, and having forgotten it, come afterwards to know it, he shall be guilty of an offence.

4. anima quæ juraverit et protulerit labiis suis ut vel male quid faceret vel bene et id ipsum juramento et sermone firmaverit oblitaque postea intellexerit delictum suum

4. The person that sweareth, and uttereth with his lips, that he would do either evil or good, and bindeth the same with an oath, and his word, and having forgotten it afterwards understandeth his offence,

5. agat pænitentiam pro peccato

5. Let him do penance for his sin,

6. et offerat agnam de gregibus sive capram orabitque pro eo sacerdos et pro peccato ejus

6. And offer of the flocks an ewe lamb, or a she goat, and the priest shall pray for him and for his sin:

7. sin autem non potuerit offerre pecus offerat duos turtures vel duos pullos columbarum Domino unum pro peccato et alterum in holocaustum

7. But if he be not able to offer a beast, let him offer two turtles, or two young pigeons to the Lord, one for sin, and the other for a holocaust,

8. dabitque eos sacerdoti qui primum offerens pro peccato retorquebit caput ejus ad pinnulas ita ut collo hereat et non penitus abrumpatur

8. And he shall give them to the priest: who shall offer the first for sin, and twist back the head of it to the little pinions, so that it stick to the neck, and be not altogether broken off.

9. et asperget de sanguine ejus parietem altaris quicquid autem reliquum fuerit faciet destillare ad fundamentum ejus quia pro peccato est

9. And of its blood he shall sprinkle the side of the altar, and whatsoever is left, he shall let it drop at the bottom thereof, because it is for sin.

10. alterum vero adolebit holocaustum ut fieri solet rogabitque pro eo sacerdos et pro peccato ejus et dimittetur ei

10. And the other he shall burn for a holocaust, as is wont to be done: and the priest shall pray for him, and for his sin, and it shall be forgiven him.

11. quod si non quiverit manus ejus offerre duos turtures vel duos pullos columbæ offeret pro peccato similam partem œphi decimam non mittet in eam oleum nec turis aliquid inponet quia pro peccato est

11. And if his hand be not able to offer two turtles, or two young pigeons, he shall offer for his sin the tenth part of an ephi of flour. He shall not put oil upon it, nor put any frankincense thereon, because it is for sin:

12. tradetque eam sacerdoti qui plenum ex toto pugillum hauriens cremabit super altare in monumentum ejus qui obtulit

12. And he shall deliver it to the priest: who shall take a handful thereof, and shall burn it upon the altar for a memorial of him that offered it:

13. rogans pro illo et expians reliquam vero partem ipse habebit in munere

13. Praying for him and making atonement: but the part that is left, he himself shall have for a gift.

14. locutus est Dominus ad Mosen dicens

14. And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:

15. anima si prævaricans cærimonias per errorem in his quæ Domino sunt sanctificata peccaverit offeret pro delicto suo arietem inmaculatum de gregibus qui emi potest duobus siclis juxta pondus sanctuarii

15. If any one shall sin through mistake, transgressing the ceremonies in those things that are sacrificed to the Lord, he shall offer for his offence a ram without blemish out of the flocks, that may be bought for two sicles, according to the weight of the sanctuary:

16. ipsumque quod intulit damni restituet et quintam partem ponet supra tradens sacerdoti qui rogabit pro eo offerens arietem et dimittetur ei

16. And he shall make good the damage itself which he hath done, and shall add the fifth part besides, delivering it to the priest, who shall pray for him, offering the ram, and it shall be forgiven him.

17. anima si peccaverit per ignorantiam feceritque unum ex his quæ Domini lege prohibentur et peccati rea intellexerit iniquitatem suam

17. If any one sin through ignorance, and do one of those things which by the law of the Lord are forbidden, and being guilty of sin, understand his iniquity,

18. offeret arietem inmaculatum de gregibus sacerdoti juxta mensuram æstimationemque peccati qui orabit pro eo quod nesciens fecerit et dimittetur ei

18. He shall offer of the hocks a ram without blemish to the priest, according to the measure and estimation of the sin: and the priest shall pray for him, because he did it ignorantly: and it shall be forgiven him,

19. quia per errorem deliquit in Dominum

19. Because by mistake he trespassed against the Lord.



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Footnotes:

5:1-4 - This passage describes unintentional sins and the consequences of neglecting an oath or omitting information. Confession and reparation are essential for reconciliation with God, highlighting the importance of acknowledging one's faults (see also Numbers 5:6-7 and James 5:16).

5:5-7 - Confession of sins and the offering of reparation are presented as obligatory acts. The provision of different types of offerings (animal or flour) emphasizes God's mercy, allowing the poor to also fulfill His commandments (see also Luke 21:1-4 and 1 John 1:9).

5:8-10 - The sin offering is carried out according to the rules of purity and sacrifice. This points to the central role of sacrifice in forgiveness and purification, preparing the way for Christ's perfect sacrifice (see also Hebrews 10:1-4 and 1 Peter 1:18-19).

5:11-13 - The offering of flour to the poorest demonstrates the inclusion of all in God's worship, regardless of material possessions. God values obedience more than the material value of the offering (see also Psalm 51:16-17 and Matthew 5:23-24).

5:14-19 - Sin offerings for involuntary sin and guilt emphasize the seriousness of sin, even when committed unintentionally. Atonement requires not only sacrifice but also full restitution, underscoring divine justice (see also Numbers 15:27-29 and Ephesians 4:28).

Verses related to Liber Leviticus, 5:

Leviticus chapter 5 continues the laws of the sin offering and introduces the guilt offering. What types of transgressions are addressed? This comprehensive text describes offerings for sins such as false testimony, contact with impurities, and hasty oaths. The chapter also details the guilt offering for violations against sacred things. Leviticus 5 demonstrates how seriously God treats sin and guilt. Consider with us five biblical passages that deepen our understanding of holiness and restoration.

Matthew 5:23-24: "Therefore, if you are presenting your gift before the altar and there remember that your brother has something against you, leave your gift there before the altar and go first to be reconciled with your brother; then come back and present your offer." - Jesus alludes to the guilt offerings of Leviticus 5, emphasizing the importance of reconciliation before the offering.

James 5:16: "Therefore, confess your sins to one another and pray for one another to be healed. The prayer of a righteous man is powerful and effective." - James echoes the practice of confessing sins mentioned in Leviticus 5:5.

1 John 1:9: "If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and cleanse us from all unrighteousness." - John reflects the principle of confession and forgiveness established in Leviticus 5.

Luke 19:8: "But Zacchaeus stood up and said to the Lord, 'Look, Lord! I am giving half of my possessions to the poor; and if I have extorted anything from anyone, I will return it four times as much.'" - Zacchaeus' action reflects the principle of restitution established in Leviticus 5:16.

Acts 3:19: "Repent therefore and turn to God, so that your sins may be wiped away," - Peter echoes the call to repentance and the guilt offering described in Leviticus 5.

FAQ:

What sins required a sacrifice in Leviticus 5?

Sins such as swearing falsely, touching something unclean, or omitting important information required an atonement sacrifice. (Leviticus 5:1-5)

How was the sin offering adjusted for different financial conditions?

Those who could not offer a lamb could offer two turtledoves or two pigeons, and the poorest could bring an offering of fine flour. (Leviticus 5:7-11)

What was the consequence of not confessing hidden sins?

Failure to confess sins resulted in continued guilt and the need to offer a sacrifice for sin when it was revealed. (Leviticus 5:1-6)

What does the guilt offering mean in Leviticus 5?

The guilt offering was made for sins committed against the sanctuary or against one’s neighbor and involved both sacrifice and restitution. (Leviticus 5:14-16)

What was the purpose of confession in the sacrificial ritual?

Confession brought acknowledgment of sin and was an essential step toward purification and restoration before God. (Leviticus 5:5)


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