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Liber Iudicum, 12

1. ecce autem in Ephraim orta seditio est nam transeuntes contra aquilonem dixerunt ad Jepthæ quare vadens ad pugnam contra filios Ammon vocare nos noluisti ut pergeremus tecum igitur incendimus domum tuam

1. Levantou-se uma sedição na tribo de Efraim.(Os desta tribo), passando para o setentrião, disseram a Jefté: por que razão, indo tu combater contra os filhos do Amon, não quiseste chamar-nos para irmos contigo? Por isso queimaremos a tua casa.

2. quibus ille respondit disceptatio erat mihi et populo meo contra filios Ammon vehemens vocavique vos ut mihi præberetis auxilium et facere noluistis

2. Ele respondeu-lhes: Eu e o meu povo estávamos metidos numa grande contenda com os filhos de Amon; chamei-vos, para que mo désseis socorro, e vós não o quisestes fazer.

3. quod cernens posui in manibus meis animam meam transivique ad filios Ammon et tradidit eos Dominus in manus meas quid commerui ut adversum me consurgatis in prœlium

3. Vendo isto, arrisquei a minha vida e marchei contra os filhos de Amon, e o Senhor entregou-os nas minhas mãos. Em que é que eu mereci que vos levanteis contra mim a fazer-me guerra?

4. vocatis itaque ad se cunctis viris Galaad pugnabat contra Ephraim percusseruntque viri Galaad Ephraim quia dixerat fugitivus est Galaad de Ephraim et habitat in medio Ephraim et Manasse

4. Convocados todos os homens de Galaad, combateu contra Efraim, e os homens de Galaad derrotaram Efraim, porque este tinha dito: Galaad é um fugitivo de Efraim, e habita entre Efraim e Manassés.

5. occupaveruntque Galaaditæ vada Jordanis per quæ Ephraim reversurus erat cumque venisset ad ea de Ephraim numero fugiens atque dixisset obsecro ut me transire permittas dicebant ei Galaaditæ numquid Ephrateus es quo dicente non sum

5. Os Galaaditas ocuparam os vaus do Jordão, por onde Efraim havia de voltar. Quando algum fugitivo de Efraim chegava a eles e dizia: Peço-vos que me deixeis passar — os Galaaditas respondiam-lhe: Acaso és tu efraimita? Se ele respondesse: Não sou —

6. interrogabant eum dic ergo sebboleth quod interpretatur spica qui respondebat tebboleth eadem littera spicam exprimere non valens statimque adprehensum jugulabant in ipso Jordanis transitu et ceciderunt in illo tempore de Ephraim quadraginta duo milia

6. replicavam-Ihe: Dize pois Schibolet, que significa espiga. Ele pronunciava Sibolet, não podendo exprimir a palavra espiga com as mesmas letras. Imediatamente preso, degolavam-no na mesma passagem do Jordão. Naquele tempo morreram quarenta e dois mil homens de Efraim.

7. judicavitque Jepthæ Galaadites Israël sex annis et mortuus est ac sepultus in civitate sua Galaad

7. Jefté Galaadita julgou Israel durante seis anos; depois morreu, e foi sepultado na sua cidade de Galaad.

8. post hunc judicavit Israël Abessan de Bethleem

8. Depois deste, foi juiz de lsrael Abesan, de Belém,

9. qui habuit triginta filios et totidem filias quas emittens foras maritis dedit et ejusdem numeri filiis suis accepit uxores introducens in domum suam qui septem annis judicavit Israël

9. O qual teve trinta filhos, e outras tantas filhas, que casou fora de sua casa; fez vir de fora e recebeu em sua casa igual número de mulheres como esposas dos seus filhos. Julgou Israel durante sete anos.

10. mortuusque est ac sepultus in Bethleem

10. Morreu, e foi sepultado em Belém.

11. cui successit Ahialon Zabulonites et judicavit Israhelem decem annis

11. Sucedeu-lhe Aialon Zabulonita, que julgou Israel durante dez anos.

12. mortuusque est ac sepultus in Zabulon

12. Morreu, e foi sepultado em Zabulon.

13. post hunc judicavit in Israël Abdon filius Hellel Farathonites

13. Depois deste, foi juiz de Israel Abdon, filho de Del, de Faraton,

14. qui habuit quadraginta filios et triginta ex eis nepotes ascendentes super septuaginta pullos asinarum et judicavit in Israël octo annis

14. que teve quarenta filhos e trinta netos, que montavam em setenta jumentos, e julgou Israel durante oito anos.

15. mortuusque est ac sepultus in Farathon terræ Ephraim in monte Amalech

15. Morreu, e foi sepultado em Faraton, na terra de Efraim, sobre o monte de Amalec.



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Footnotes:

12:1-7 - The conflict between Jephthah and the Ephraimites illustrates the division within Israel and the importance of unity. Divisions can lead to tragic and unnecessary consequences among God's people (see also Ephesians 4:3 and 1 Corinthians 1:10).

12:8-10 - Ibzan, who succeeded Jephthah, emphasizes continuity of leadership, but also the importance of the judge's moral quality. Effective leadership is one that cares about the well-being of the people (see also 1 Peter 5:2-3 and Mark 10:42-45).

12:11-12 - Elon, another judge, serves briefly, reinforcing the idea that leadership is temporary and should be based on divine principles. Each judge, despite their brevity, played an important role in Israel's history (see also Psalm 75:6-7 and Romans 13:1).

12:13-15 - Abdon, the last judge mentioned in this chapter, emphasizes the need for leaders who seek justice and fairness. This underscores that leadership must always be guided by God's principles (see also Proverbs 29:2 and Isaiah 1:17).

12:6 - The pronunciation of the word "Sibboleth" reveals the importance of communication and identity in society. Cultural and linguistic differences can lead to misunderstandings, but unity must prevail (see also Galatians 3:28 and Ephesians 4:4-6).

Verses related to Liber Iudicum, 12:

Judges chapter 12 concludes the narrative of Jephthah and introduces lesser judges. What lessons have we learned about unity and leadership? This tense text describes the conflict between Jephthah and the Ephraimites, resulting in a civil war. The chapter explores themes such as tribal pride, consequences of disunity and the brevity of peace. The word "chibolete" becomes a fatal test. Three minor judges are briefly mentioned. Consider with us five biblical passages that illuminate the dangers of internal division presented in this eye-opening chapter.

Matthew 12:25: "Jesus knew their thoughts and said to them, 'Every kingdom divided against itself will come to ruin, and every city or house divided against itself will not stand.'" - This teaching of Jesus reflects Israel's internal conflicts seen in Judges 12.

Romans 12:18: "If it is possible, as far as it depends on you, live in peace with everyone." - This advice from Paul contrasts with the bellicose attitude of the Ephraimites in Judges 12.

Proverbs 15:1: "A calm response deflects fury, but a harsh word arouses anger." - This proverb offers an alternative to Jephthah's approach in Judges 12:1-4.

James 1:19-20: "My beloved brothers, keep this in mind: Be all quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, for man's anger does not produce the righteousness of God." - This exhortation contrasts with the hasty actions seen in Judges 12.

1 Corinthians 1:10: "Brothers, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, I beseech all of you to agree with each other in what you say, so that there are no divisions among you, but that you are united in the same thought and the same opinion." - Paul's call for unity contrasts with the division among the tribes of Israel in Judges 12.

FAQ:

How did Jephthah handle the dispute with the tribe of Ephraim?

Jephthah confronted the tribe of Ephraim for failing to help in the battle against the Ammonites, leading to a civil battle that resulted in the Ephraimites' defeat. (Judges 12:1-6)

Who were the judges who succeeded Jephthah?

After Jephthah, Ibzan, Elon, and Abdon were judges of Israel, each ruling for a period of time. (Judges 12:8-15)

How long was Ibzan's rule and what were his achievements?

Ibzan ruled Israel for seven years and had thirty sons and thirty daughters, marrying his daughters to outsiders and bringing his daughters into the tribe. (Judges 12:8-10)

What can we learn about Jephthah's leadership?

Jephthah's leadership demonstrates the importance of keeping promises to God, as well as the challenges of tribal disputes. (Judges 12:1-7)

How did Abdom's leadership contribute to Israel?

Abdon ruled Israel for eight years and was known for having forty sons and thirty grandsons, who rode on seven hundred donkeys, symbolizing prosperity and stability. (Judges 12:13-15)


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