Liber Esther, 3

1. Post haec rex Asuerus exaltavit Aman filium Amadathi, qui erat de stirpe Agag, et posuit solium eius super omnes principes, quos habebat.

1. After these things King Ahasu-e'rus promoted Haman the Ag'agite, the son of Hammeda'tha, and advanced him and set his seat above all the princes who were with him.

2. Cunctique servi regis, qui in foribus palatii versabantur, flectebant genua et adorabant Aman; sic enim praeceperat rex pro illo. Solus Mardochaeus non flectebat genu neque adorabat eum.

2. And all the king's servants who were at the king's gate bowed down and did obeisance to Haman; for the king had so commanded concerning him. But Mor'decai did not bow down or do obeisance.

3. Cui dixerunt pueri regis, qui ad fores palatii praesidebant: “Cur non observas mandatum regis?”.

3. Then the king's servants who were at the king's gate said to Mor'decai, "Why do you transgress the king's command?"

4. Cumque hoc crebrius dicerent, et ille nollet audire, nuntiaverunt Aman scire cupientes utrum perseveraret in sententia; dixerat enim eis se esse Iudaeum.

4. And when they spoke to him day after day and he would not listen to them, they told Haman, in order to see whether Mor'decai's words would avail; for he had told them that he was a Jew.

5. Cumque Aman experimento probasset quod Mardochaeus non sibi flecteret genu nec se adoraret, iratus est valde

5. And when Haman saw that Mor'decai did not bow down or do obeisance to him, Haman was filled with fury.

6. et pro nihilo duxit in unum Mardochaeum mittere manus suas — audierat enim quod esset gentis Iudaeae — magisque voluit omnem Iudaeorum, qui erant in regno Asueri, perdere nationem.

6. But he disdained to lay hands on Mor'decai alone. So, as they had made known to him the people of Mor'decai, Haman sought to destroy all the Jews, the people of Mor'decai, throughout the whole kingdom of Ahasu-e'rus.

7. Mense primo, cuius vocabulum est Nisan, anno duodecimo regni Asueri, missa est in urnam sors, quae dicitur Phur, coram Aman, quo die et quo mense gens Iudaeorum deberet interfici; et exivit dies tertia decima mensis duodecimi, qui vocatur Adar.

7. In the first month, which is the month of Nisan, in the twelfth year of King Ahasu-e'rus, they cast Pur, that is the lot, before Haman day after day; and they cast it month after month till the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar.

8. Dixitque Aman regi Asuero: “Est populus per omnes provincias regni tui dispersus, segregatus inter populos alienisque utens legibus, quas ceteri non cognoscunt, insuper et regis scita contemnens; non expedit regi, ut det illis requiem.

8. Then Haman said to King Ahasu-e'rus, "There is a certain people scattered abroad and dispersed among the peoples in all the provinces of your kingdom; their laws are different from those of every other people, and they do not keep the king's laws, so that it is not for the king's profit to tolerate them.

9. Si tibi placet, scriptis decerne, ut pereat, et decem milia talentorum argenti appendam arcariis gazae tuae”.

9. If it please the king, let it be decreed that they be destroyed, and I will pay ten thousand talents of silver into the hands of those who have charge of the king's business, that they may put it into the king's treasuries."

10. Tulit ergo rex anulum, quo utebatur, de manu sua et dedit eum Aman filio Amadathi de progenie Agag, hosti Iudaeorum.

10. So the king took his signet ring from his hand and gave it to Haman the Ag'agite, the son of Hammeda'tha, the enemy of the Jews.

11. Dixitque ad eum: “Argentum, quod polliceris, tuum sit; de populo age, quod tibi placet”.

11. And the king said to Haman, "The money is given to you, the people also, to do with them as it seems good to you."

12. Vocatique sunt scribae regis mense primo, tertia decima die eius, et scriptum est, ut iusserat Aman, ad omnes satrapas regis et duces provinciarum et principes diversarum gentium, ut quaeque gens legere poterat et audire pro varietate linguarum, ex nomine regis Asueri; et litterae ipsius signatae anulo.

12. Then the king's secretaries were summoned on the thirteenth day of the first month, and an edict, according to all that Haman commanded, was written to the king's satraps and to the governors over all the provinces and to the princes of all the peoples, to every province in its own script and every people in its own language; it was written in the name of King Ahasu-e'rus and sealed with the king's ring.

13. Missae sunt epistulae per cursores ad universas provincias regis, ut perderent, occiderent atque delerent omnes Iudaeos, a puero usque ad senem, parvulos et mulieres uno die, hoc est tertio decimo mensis duodecimi, qui vocatur Adar, et bona eorum diriperent. (13a) Epistulae autem hoc exemplar fuit: “Rex magnus Artaxerxes centum viginti septem ab India usque Aethiopiam provinciarum satrapis et ducibus, qui eius imperio subiecti sunt, haec scribit: (13b) Cum plurimis gentibus imperarem et universum orbem meae dicioni subiugassem, volui nequaquam abuti potentiae magnitudine, sed semper clementer et leniter agens gubernare subiectorum vitam absque ullo terrore, regnumque quietum et usque ad fines pervium praestans, optatam cunctis mortalibus pacem renovare. (13c) Quaerente autem me a consiliariis meis, quomodo hoc posset impleri, unus qui prudentia, bona voluntate et fide stabili ceteros praecellit et est post regem secundus, Aman nomine, (13d) indicavit mihi in totius orbis terrarum tribubus populum hostilem esse dispersum, qui, legibus suis contra omnium gentium faciens consuetudinem, regum iussa in perpetuum contemnat, ne consistat concordia nationum a nobis consolidata. (13e) Quod cum didicissemus, videntes unam hanc gentem rebellem adversus omne hominum genus perversis uti legibus nostrisque negotiis contraire, pessima conficere et regni impedire pacem, (13f) iussimus, ut quoscumque Aman, qui negotiis publicis praepositus est et quem patris loco colimus, per litteras monstraverit, cum coniugibus ac liberis radicitus deleantur inimicorum gladiis, nullusque eorum misereatur, quarta decima die duodecimi mensis Adar anni praesentis; (13g) ut, qui iam olim sunt nefarii homines, uno die violenter ad inferos descendentes stabiles in posterum et quietas reddant nobis plene res publicas. 13h Qui autem celaverit genus eorum, inhabitabilis erit non solum inter homines, sed nec inter aves, et igne sancto comburetur; et substantia eorum in regnum conferetur. Valete”.

13. Letters were sent by couriers to all the king's provinces, to destroy, to slay, and to annihilate all Jews, young and old, women and children, in one day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar, and to plunder their goods.

14. Exemplar autem epistularum ut lex in omnibus provinciis promulgandum erat, ut scirent omnes populi et pararent se ad praedictam diem.

14. A copy of the document was to be issued as a decree in every province by proclamation to all the peoples to be ready for that day.

15. Festinabant cursores, qui missi erant, regis imperium explere; statimque in Susan pependit edictum, rege et Aman celebrante convivium, dum civitas ipsa esset conturbata. (15a) Et convivium fecerunt omnes gentes; rex autem et Aman, cum introisset regiam, cum amicis luxuriabatur. (15b) Ubicumque igitur proponebatur exemplum epistulae, ploratio et luctus ingens fiebat apud omnes Iudaeos. (15c) Et invocabant Iudaei Deum patrum suorum et dicebant: (15d) “Domine Deus, tu solus Deus in caelo sursum, et non est alius Deus praeter te. (15e) Si enim fecissemus legem tuam et praecepta, habitassemus cum securitate et pace per omne tempus vitae nostrae. (15f) Nunc autem, quoniam non fecimus praecepta tua, venit super nos omnis tribulatio ista. (15g) Iustus es et clemens et excelsus et magnus, Domine, et omnes viae tuae iudicia. (15h) Et nunc, Domine, non des filios tuos in captivitatem neque uxores nostras in violationem neque in perditionem, qui factus es nobis propitius ab Aegypto usque nunc. (15i) Miserere principali tuae parti et non tradas in infamiam hereditatem tuam, ut hostes dominentur nostri”.

15. The couriers went in haste by order of the king, and the decree was issued in Susa the capital. And the king and Haman sat down to drink; but the city of Susa was perplexed.