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Leviticus, 22

1. Yahweh spoke to Moses and said:

1. And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

2. 'Speak to Aaron and his sons. They must be consecrated by the holy offerings of the Israelites and must not profane my holy name; for my sake they must sanctify it; I am Yahweh.

2. Speak unto Aaron and to his sons, that they separate themselves from the holy things of the children of Israel, and that they profane not my holy name [in those things] which they hallow unto me: I [am] the LORD.

3. Say to them: "Any one of your descendants, for all time, who in a state of uncleanness approaches the holy offerings consecrated to Yahweh by the Israelites, will be outlawed from my presence. I am Yahweh.

3. Say unto them, Whosoever [he be] of all your seed among your generations, that goeth unto the holy things, which the children of Israel hallow unto the LORD, having his uncleanness upon him, that soul shall be cut off from my presence: I [am] the LORD.

4. "Anyone of Aaron's line who is afflicted with a contagious skin-disease or a discharge will not eat holy things until he is clean. Anyone who touches anything made unclean by a dead body, or who has a seminal discharge,

4. What man soever of the seed of Aaron [is] a leper, or hath a running issue; he shall not eat of the holy things, until he be clean. And whoso toucheth any thing [that is] unclean [by] the dead, or a man whose seed goeth from him;

5. or who is made unclean by touching any kind of reptile or any one who has contaminated him with his own uncleanness, be it what it may,

5. Or whosoever toucheth any creeping thing, whereby he may be made unclean, or a man of whom he may take uncleanness, whatsoever uncleanness he hath;

6. in short, anyone who has had any such contact will be unclean until evening, and must not eat holy things until he has washed his body.

6. The soul which hath touched any such shall be unclean until even, and shall not eat of the holy things, unless he wash his flesh with water.

7. At sunset he will be clean and may then eat holy things, for these are his food.

7. And when the sun is down, he shall be clean, and shall afterward eat of the holy things; because it [is] his food.

8. "He must not eat an animal that has died a natural death or been savaged; he would contract uncleanness from it. I am Yahweh.

8. That which dieth of itself, or is torn [with beasts], he shall not eat to defile himself therewith: I [am] the LORD.

9. "They must keep my rules and not burden themselves with sin. If they profane them, they will incur death; I, Yahweh, have sanctified them.

9. They shall therefore keep mine ordinance, lest they bear sin for it, and die therefore, if they profane it: I the LORD do sanctify them.

10. "No lay person may eat anything holy; no guest or employee of a priest may eat anything holy.

10. There shall no stranger eat [of] the holy thing: a sojourner of the priest, or an hired servant, shall not eat [of] the holy thing.

11. But if the priest has acquired a slave by purchase, the slave may eat it like anyone born in his household; they will share his food.

11. But if the priest buy [any] soul with his money, he shall eat of it, and he that is born in his house: they shall eat of his meat.

12. "If a priest's daughter marries a layman, she will have no share in the holy things set aside,

12. If the priest's daughter also be [married] unto a stranger, she may not eat of an offering of the holy things.

13. but if she is widowed or divorced and, being childless, has had to return to her father's house as when she was young, she may share her father's food. No lay person may share it;

13. But if the priest's daughter be a widow, or divorced, and have no child, and is returned unto her father's house, as in her youth, she shall eat of her father's meat: but there shall no stranger eat thereof.

14. anyone who does eat a holy thing by inadvertence, will restore it to the priest with one-fifth added.

14. And if a man eat [of] the holy thing unwittingly, then he shall put the fifth [part] thereof unto it, and shall give [it] unto the priest with the holy thing.

15. "They may not profane the holy offerings which the Israelites have set aside for Yahweh.

15. And they shall not profane the holy things of the children of Israel, which they offer unto the LORD;

16. By eating these, they would burden them with guilt requiring a sacrifice of reparation; for I, Yahweh, have sanctified these offerings." '

16. Or suffer them to bear the iniquity of trespass, when they eat their holy things: for I the LORD do sanctify them.

17. Yahweh spoke to Moses and said:

17. And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

18. 'Speak to Aaron, to his sons, and to all the Israelites and say: "Any member of the House of Israel or any alien resident in Israel who brings an offering either in payment of a vow or as a voluntary gift, and offers it as a burnt offering to Yahweh,

18. Speak unto Aaron, and to his sons, and unto all the children of Israel, and say unto them, Whatsoever [he be] of the house of Israel, or of the strangers in Israel, that will offer his oblation for all his vows, and for all his freewill offerings, which they will offer unto the LORD for a burnt offering;

19. must, if he is to be acceptable, offer an unblemished male, be it bull or sheep or goat.

19. [Ye shall offer] at your own will a male without blemish, of the beeves, of the sheep, or of the goats.

20. You will not offer anything with a blemish, for it would not make you acceptable.

20. [But] whatsoever hath a blemish, [that] shall ye not offer: for it shall not be acceptable for you.

21. "If anyone offers Yahweh a communion sacrifice, either to fulfil a vow or as a voluntary offering, the animal, be it from the herd or flock, must be perfect, if he is to be acceptable; it must be unblemished.

21. And whosoever offereth a sacrifice of peace offerings unto the LORD to accomplish [his] vow, or a freewill offering in beeves or sheep, it shall be perfect to be accepted; there shall be no blemish therein.

22. You will not offer Yahweh any animal which is blind, lame, mutilated, ulcerous, scabby or covered in sores. No part of such an animal will be offered on the altar as food burnt for Yahweh.

22. Blind, or broken, or maimed, or having a wen, or scurvy, or scabbed, ye shall not offer these unto the LORD, nor make an offering by fire of them upon the altar unto the LORD.

23. As a voluntary offering, you may offer a bull or a lamb that is underdeveloped or deformed; but such will not be acceptable in payment of a vow.

23. Either a bullock or a lamb that hath any thing superfluous or lacking in his parts, that mayest thou offer [for] a freewill offering; but for a vow it shall not be accepted.

24. You will not offer Yahweh an animal if its testicles have been bruised, crushed, torn or cut off. You may not do that in your country,

24. Ye shall not offer unto the LORD that which is bruised, or crushed, or broken, or cut; neither shall ye make [any offering thereof] in your land.

25. and you may not accept any such from the hands of a stranger, to be offered as food for your God. Their deformity is a blemish, and they would not make you acceptable." '

25. Neither from a stranger's hand shall ye offer the bread of your God of any of these; because their corruption [is] in them, [and] blemishes [be] in them: they shall not be accepted for you.

26. Yahweh spoke to Moses and said:

26. And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

27. 'A calf, lamb, or kid will stay with its dam for seven days after being born. From the eighth day onwards, it will be acceptable as food burnt for Yahweh.

27. When a bullock, or a sheep, or a goat, is brought forth, then it shall be seven days under the dam; and from the eighth day and thenceforth it shall be accepted for an offering made by fire unto the LORD.

28. But no animal, whether cow or ewe, will be slaughtered on the same day as its young.

28. And [whether it be] cow or ewe, ye shall not kill it and her young both in one day.

29. 'If you offer Yahweh a sacrifice with praise, do it in the acceptable manner;

29. And when ye will offer a sacrifice of thanksgiving unto the LORD, offer [it] at your own will.

30. it must be eaten the same day; you will leave nothing over till next morning. I am Yahweh.

30. On the same day it shall be eaten up; ye shall leave none of it until the morrow: I [am] the LORD.

31. 'You will keep my commands and put them into practice. I am Yahweh.

31. Therefore shall ye keep my commandments, and do them: I [am] the LORD.

32. You will not profane my holy name -- so that I may be honoured as holy among the Israelites, I, Yahweh, who make you holy,

32. Neither shall ye profane my holy name; but I will be hallowed among the children of Israel: I [am] the LORD which hallow you,

33. I who brought you out of Egypt, to be your God, I, Yahweh.'

33. That brought you out of the land of Egypt, to be your God: I [am] the LORD.



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Notas de rodapé:

22:1-3 - God commands priests to remain clean so they do not desecrate the holy offerings. Holiness is an essential condition for serving God and presenting offerings, reinforcing the sacred character of worship (see also Isaiah 52:11 and 1 Peter 1:15-16).

22:4-7 - Those who are unclean, whether from disease or contact with the dead, are forbidden to touch the sacred offerings until they are purified. This highlights the importance of purity before participating in the sacred rites (see also Numbers 19:11-13 and Ephesians 5:26-27).

22:10-13 - God forbids anyone outside the priestly family from eating the sacred offerings, except in certain cases, such as a widow or divorcee who has returned to her father's house. This ensures that only those consecrated to God have access to the holy things (see also 1 Corinthians 9:13-14).

22:17-20 - God commands that only perfect, unblemished animals be offered as sacrifices. This requirement reflects God's perfection and the need to offer the best in worship, prefiguring Christ's perfect sacrifice (see also 1 Peter 1:19 and Malachi 1:8).

22:31-33 - God emphasizes that the Israelites must keep His commandments and not profane His holy name. Obedience to God's laws is a way of honoring His holiness and acknowledging His sovereignty over Israel (see also John 14:15 and Exodus 20:7).

Versículos relacionados com Leviticus, 22:

Leviticus chapter 22 establishes rules for the consumption of sacred offerings. How to preserve the sanctity of offerings to God? This detailed text specifies who can eat the priestly offerings and under what conditions. The chapter emphasizes the respect due to things consecrated to God. These laws reflect the importance of purity in worship and care for what belongs to God. Reflect with us on five biblical passages that elucidate the principle of honoring God with the best we have in our worship today.

1 Corinthians 11:27-29: "Therefore, everyone who eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord unworthily will be guilty of sinning against the body and blood of the Lord. Let a man examine himself, and then let him eat the bread and drink the cup. For whoever eats and drinks without discerning the body of the Lord eats and drinks to his own condemnation." - Paul applies the Leviticus 22 principle about holiness in partaking of sacred offerings to the context of the Lord's Supper.

Malachi 1:7-8: "You offer unclean food on my altar! And they still ask: 'How have we profaned it?' When you say that the Lord's table is despicable. When they bring blind animals for sacrifice, isn't it wrong? When you offer crippled and sick animals, isn't it wrong? Try offering them to your governor! Will he like you? Will he receive them kindly? asks the Lord of hosts."" - Malachi criticizes practices that violate the principles of Leviticus 22 regarding the offering of animals without blemishes.

Hebrews 9:14: "How much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself immaculately to God, purify our conscience from acts that lead to death, so that we may serve the living God!" - The author of Hebrews uses the language of Leviticus 22 about offerings without blemish to describe Christ's perfect sacrifice.

Matthew 15:11: "What enters the mouth does not make a man 'impure'; but what comes out of the mouth, that is what makes it 'unclean'." - Jesus reinterprets the purity laws of Leviticus, including those of Leviticus 22, focusing on inner rather than outer purity.

1 Peter 1:18-19: "For you know that it was not with perishable things like silver or gold that you were redeemed from your empty way of life handed down to you from your ancestors, but by the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish or blemish." - Peter uses the language of Leviticus 22 about animals without blemish to describe Christ as the perfect sacrifice.

FAQ:

What were the rules for the priests to eat the offerings in Leviticus 22?

Only priests and their families were allowed to eat the sacred offerings, and anyone unclean was forbidden to touch them. (Leviticus 22:10-16)

How does Leviticus 22 address the issue of impurity in sacrifices?

Imperfect sacrifices or those offered by unclean people were unacceptable before God, reflecting the requirement for perfection in worship. (Leviticus 22:17-25)

What are the requirements for sacrificial animals in Leviticus 22?

The animals sacrificed had to be perfect, without physical defects, representing the holiness and perfection required by God. (Leviticus 22:19-25)

Why were priests required to avoid impurity in Leviticus 22?

The priests were to avoid impurity to maintain the holiness necessary for their service, ensuring that the offerings would be accepted by God. (Leviticus 22:2-3)

What does Leviticus 22 teach about freewill offerings?

Freewill offerings had to be perfect, without blemish, to be acceptable to God, reflecting the importance of reverence in worship. (Leviticus 22:18-21)


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