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1 Samuel, 24

1. David then went up from there and stayed in the refuges behind Engedi.

1. From there David went up and installed himself in the strongholds of En-Gedi.

2. And when Saul returned from the pursuit of the Philistines, he was told that David was in the desert near Engedi.

2. Once Saul was back from pursuing the Philistines, he was told, 'David is now in the desert of En-Gedi.'

3. So Saul took three thousand picked men from all Israel and went in search of David and his men in the direction of the wild goat crags.

3. Saul thereupon took three thousand men selected from all Israel and went in search of David and his men east of the Rocks of the Mountain Goats.

4. When he came to the sheepfolds along the way, he found a cave, which he entered to ease nature. David and his men were occupying the inmost recesses of the cave.

4. He came to the sheepfolds along the route, where there was a cave, and went in to cover his feet. Now David and his men were sitting in the recesses of the cave;

5. David's servants said to him, "This is the day of which the LORD said to you, 'I will deliver your enemy into your grasp; do with him as you see fit.'" So David moved up and stealthily cut off an end of Saul's mantle.

5. David's men said to him, 'Today is the day of which Yahweh said to you, "I shall deliver your enemy into your power; do what you like with him." ' David got up and, unobserved, cut off the border of Saul's cloak.

6. Afterward, however, David regretted that he had cut off an end of Saul's mantle.

6. Afterwards David reproached himself for having cut off the border of Saul's cloak.

7. He said to his men, "The LORD forbid that I should do such a thing to my master, the LORD'S anointed, as to lay a hand on him, for he is the Lord's anointed."

7. He said to his men, 'Yahweh preserve me from doing such a thing to my lord as to raise my hand against him, since he is Yahweh's anointed.'

8. With these words David restrained his men and would not permit them to attack Saul. Saul then left the cave and went on his way.

8. By these words David restrained his men and would not let them attack Saul.

9. David also stepped out of the cave, calling to Saul, "My lord the king!" When Saul looked back, David bowed to the ground in homage

9. Saul then left the cave and went on his way. After this, David too left the cave and called after Saul, 'My lord king!' Saul looked behind him and David, bowing to the ground, prostrated himself.

10. and asked Saul: "Why do you listen to those who say, 'David is trying to harm you'?

10. David then said to Saul, 'Why do you listen to people who say, "David intends your ruin"?

11. You see for yourself today that the LORD just now delivered you into my grasp in the cave. I had some thought of killing you, but I took pity on you instead. I decided, 'I will not raise a hand against my lord, for he is the LORD'S anointed and a father to me.'

11. This very day you have seen for yourself how Yahweh put you in my power in the cave and how, refusing to kill you, I spared you saying, "I will not raise my hand against my lord, since he is Yahweh's anointed."

12. Look here at this end of your mantle which I hold. Since I cut off an end of your mantle and did not kill you, see and be convinced that I plan no harm and no rebellion. I have done you no wrong, though you are hunting me down to take my life.

12. Look, father, look at the border of your cloak in my hand. Since, although I cut the border off your cloak, I did not kill you, surely you realise that I intend neither mischief nor crime. I have not wronged you, and yet you hunt me down to take my life.

13. The LORD will judge between me and you, and the LORD will exact justice from you in my case. I shall not touch you.

13. May Yahweh be judge between me and you, and may Yahweh avenge me on you; but I shall never lay a hand on you!

14. The old proverb says, 'From the wicked comes forth wickedness.' So I will take no action against you.

14. (As the old proverb says: Wickedness comes out of wicked people, but I shall never lay a hand on you!)

15. Against whom are you on campaign, O king of Israel? Whom are you pursuing? A dead dog, or a single flea!

15. On whose trail is the king of Israel campaigning? Whom are you pursuing? On the trail of a dead dog, of a flea!

16. The LORD will be the judge; he will decide between me and you. May he see this, and take my part, and grant me justice beyond your reach!"

16. May Yahweh be the judge and decide between me and you; may he examine and defend my cause and give judgement for me by rescuing me from your clutches!'

17. When David finished saying these things to Saul, Saul answered, "Is that your voice, my son David?" And he wept aloud.

17. When David had finished saying this to Saul, Saul said, 'Is that your voice, my son David?' And Saul began to weep aloud.

18. Saul then said to David: "You are in the right rather than I; you have treated me generously, while I have done you harm.

18. 'You are upright and I am not,' he said to David, 'since you have behaved well to me, whereas I have behaved badly to you.

19. Great is the generosity you showed me today, when the LORD delivered me into your grasp and you did not kill me.

19. And today you have shown how well you have behaved to me, since Yahweh had put me in your power but you did not kill me.

20. For if a man meets his enemy, does he send him away unharmed? May the LORD reward you generously for what you have done this day.

20. When a man comes on his enemy, does he let him go unmolested? May Yahweh reward you for the good you have done me today!

21. And now, since I know that you shall surely be king and that sovereignty over Israel shall come into your possession,

21. Now I know that you will indeed reign and that the sovereignty in Israel will pass into your hands.

22. swear to me by the LORD that you will not destroy my descendants and that you will not blot out my name and family."

22. Now swear to me by Yahweh that you will not suppress my descendants once I am gone, or blot my name out of my family.'

23. David gave Saul his oath and Saul returned home, while David and his men went up to the refuge.

23. This David swore to Saul, and Saul went home while David and his men went back to the stronghold.



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24:1-3 - Saul continua a inseguire Davide, ma si ritrova vulnerabile quando entra nella caverna dove Davide e i suoi uomini si nascondono. Questo prepara il terreno per la dimostrazione di misericordia da parte di Davide (vedi anche Salmo 57:1-2 e Proverbi 16:9).

24:4-7 - Davide risparmia la vita di Saul, tagliandogli solo l'orlo del mantello. Questo riflette il rispetto di Davide per l'autorità di Dio, che aveva unto Saul come re, e il suo rifiuto di prendere il trono con la forza (vedi anche Romani 12:19-21 e 1 Pietro 2:17).

24:8-11 - Davide affronta Saul con parole di pace, mostrandogli l'orlo del mantello come prova della sua innocenza. Questo gesto mette in luce l'umiltà di Davide e la sua fiducia nella giustizia divina (vedi anche Matteo 5:44 e Proverbi 25:21-22).

24:12-15 - Davide affida la sua causa a Dio, riconoscendo che solo il Signore può giudicare con giustizia. Questo rivela la fede di Davide nel fatto che Dio farà giustizia a Suo tempo, senza che lui debba vendicarsi di persona (vedi anche Salmo 35:1-3 e Romani 12:17-19).

24:16-22 - Saul, toccato dalla misericordia di Davide, riconosce la propria ingiustizia e profetizza che Davide sarà il futuro re d'Israele. Questo momento dimostra l'impatto trasformativo del perdono e della gentilezza (vedi anche Matteo 5:7 e Proverbi 16:7).

Versi relativi a 1 Samuel, 24:

1 Samuele capitolo 24 presenta un incontro cruciale tra Davide e Saul. Come affronta David l'opportunità di vendetta? Questo testo teso descrive Davide che risparmiò la vita di Saul a En-Gedi, dimostrando rispetto per gli unti di Dio. Il capitolo esplora i temi della misericordia, dell’integrità e della sovranità divina nella risoluzione dei conflitti. Il pentimento temporaneo di Saulo aggiunge complessità alla narrazione. Rifletti con noi su cinque passaggi biblici che si riferiscono ai temi profondi dell'etica e della leadership presenti in questo capitolo significativo.

Romani 12:17: "Non ripagare nessuno male per male. Cercare di fare ciò che è giusto agli occhi di tutti." - Questo versetto riflette l'atteggiamento di Davide in 1 Samuele 24, dove rifiuta di fare del male a Saul anche quando gli viene data l'opportunità.

Matteo 5:44: "Ma io vi dico: amate i vostri nemici e pregate per coloro che vi perseguitano." - L'insegnamento di Gesù sull'amare i propri nemici è esemplificato nell'azione di Davide in 1 Samuele 24, dove risparmia la vita di Saul.

Proverbi 25:21-22: "Se il tuo nemico ha fame, dagli da mangiare; se ha sete, dagli da bere. Così facendo radunerai dei carboni ardenti sul suo capo e il Signore ti ricompenserà." - Questo passaggio riflette l'atteggiamento di Davide in 1 Samuele 24, dove tratta Saul con gentilezza nonostante la persecuzione.

Salmi 57:1: "Al maestro di musica. Sulle note di "Non distruggere". Il Mikton di David. Quando fuggì da Saul alla grotta." - Questo salmo è tradizionalmente associato agli eventi di 1 Samuele 24, quando Davide risparmia la vita di Saul nella grotta.

1 Pietro 2:23: "Quando insultato, non ha reagito; Quando soffriva, non minacciava, ma si consegnava a colui che giudica giustamente." - Questa descrizione di Cristo riecheggia l'atteggiamento di Davide in 1 Samuele 24, dove si rifiuta di reagire contro Saul.

FAQ:

Cosa accadde quando Davide trovò Saul in una caverna?

Davide ebbe la possibilità di uccidere Saul, ma si limitò a tagliargli un lembo del mantello per dimostrare che non aveva alcuna intenzione di fargli del male. (1 Samuele 24:3-7)

Come reagì Saul al gesto di Davide nella caverna?

Saul riconobbe la rettitudine di Davide, pianse e ammise che Davide sarebbe diventato re, chiedendogli di non distruggere la sua discendenza. (1 Samuele 24:16-22)

Quale lezione morale trasse dall'incontro tra Davide e Saul nella caverna?

Davide dimostrò misericordia e fiducia in Dio rifiutandosi di prendere il trono con la forza, dimostrando che il potere appartiene al Signore. (1 Samuele 24:12-15)

Perché Davide risparmiò la vita di Saul?

Davide rispettava l'unzione di Saul come re d'Israele e confidava che Dio avrebbe risolto la situazione a suo tempo. (1 Samuele 24:6-10)

Cosa ci insegna l'atteggiamento di Davide sulla pazienza e sulla giustizia?

Dimostra che dovremmo confidare nella giustizia di Dio ed evitare la vendetta, aspettando il momento giusto affinché le Sue promesse si realizzino. (1 Samuele 24:12)


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