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Numbers, 20

1. The Israelites, the whole community, arrived in the first month at the desert of Zin. The people settled at Kadesh. There Miriam died and was buried.

1. And the people of Israel, the whole congregation, came into the wilderness of Zin in the first month, and the people stayed in Kadesh; and Miriam died there, and was buried there.

2. There was no water for the community, so they banded together against Moses and Aaron.

2. Now there was no water for the congregation; and they assembled themselves together against Moses and against Aaron.

3. The people laid the blame on Moses. 'We would rather have died', they said, 'as our brothers died before Yahweh!

3. And the people contended with Moses, and said, "Would that we had died when our brethren died before the LORD!

4. Why have you brought Yahweh's community into this desert, for us and our livestock to die here?

4. Why have you brought the assembly of the LORD into this wilderness, that we should die here, both we and our cattle?

5. Why did you lead us out of Egypt, only to bring us to this wretched place? It is a place unfit for sowing, it has no figs, no vines, no pomegranates, and there is not even water to drink!'

5. And why have you made us come up out of Egypt, to bring us to this evil place? It is no place for grain, or figs, or vines, or pomegranates; and there is no water to drink."

6. Leaving the assembly, Moses and Aaron went to the entrance of the Tent of Meeting. They threw themselves on their faces, and the glory of Yahweh appeared to them.

6. Then Moses and Aaron went from the presence of the assembly to the door of the tent of meeting, and fell on their faces. And the glory of the LORD appeared to them,

7. Yahweh then spoke to Moses and said,

7. and the LORD said to Moses,

8. 'Take the branch and call the community together, you and your brother Aaron. Then, in full view of them, order this rock to release its water. You will release water from the rock for them and provide drink for the community and their livestock.'

8. "Take the rod, and assemble the congregation, you and Aaron your brother, and tell the rock before their eyes to yield its water; so you shall bring water out of the rock for them; so you shall give drink to the congregation and their cattle."

9. Moses took up the branch from before Yahweh, as he had directed him.

9. And Moses took the rod from before the LORD, as he commanded him.

10. Moses and Aaron then called the assembly together in front of the rock. He then said to them, 'Listen now, you rebels. Shall we make water gush from this rock for you?'

10. And Moses and Aaron gathered the assembly together before the rock, and he said to them, "Hear now, you rebels; shall we bring forth water for you out of this rock?"

11. Moses then raised his hand and struck the rock twice with the branch; water gushed out in abundance, and the community and their livestock drank.

11. And Moses lifted up his hand and struck the rock with his rod twice; and water came forth abundantly, and the congregation drank, and their cattle.

12. Yahweh then said to Moses and Aaron, 'Because you did not believe that I could assert my holiness before the Israelites' eyes, you will not lead this assembly into the country which I am giving them.'

12. And the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, "Because you did not believe in me, to sanctify me in the eyes of the people of Israel, therefore you shall not bring this assembly into the land which I have given them."

13. These were the Waters of Meribah, where the Israelites laid the blame on Yahweh and where, by their means, he asserted his holiness.

13. These are the waters of Mer'ibah, where the people of Israel contended with the LORD, and he showed himself holy among them.

14. Moses sent messengers from Kadesh: 'To the king of Edom. Your brother Israel says this: You are aware of the great hardships we have encountered.

14. Moses sent messengers from Kadesh to the king of Edom, "Thus says your brother Israel: You know all the adversity that has befallen us:

15. Our ancestors went down to Egypt and there we stayed for a long time. But the Egyptians treated us badly, as they had our ancestors.

15. how our fathers went down to Egypt, and we dwelt in Egypt a long time; and the Egyptians dealt harshly with us and our fathers;

16. When we appealed to Yahweh, he heard our cry and, sending an angel, brought us out of Egypt, and here we are, now, at Kadesh, a town on the borders of your territory.

16. and when we cried to the LORD, he heard our voice, and sent an angel and brought us forth out of Egypt; and here we are in Kadesh, a city on the edge of your territory.

17. We ask permission to pass through your country. We shall not go through the fields or vineyards; we shall not drink the water from the wells; we shall keep to the king's highway without turning to right or left until we have passed through your territory.

17. Now let us pass through your land. We will not pass through field or vineyard, neither will we drink water from a well; we will go along the King's Highway, we will not turn aside to the right hand or to the left, until we have passed through your territory."

18. To which, Edom replied, 'You will not pass through my country; if you do, I shall oppose you by force of arms.'

18. But Edom said to him, "You shall not pass through, lest I come out with the sword against you."

19. To which the Israelites replied, 'We shall keep to the high road; if I and my flocks drink any of your water, I am willing to pay for it. All I am asking is to pass through on foot.'

19. And the people of Israel said to him, "We will go up by the highway; and if we drink of your water, I and my cattle, then I will pay for it; let me only pass through on foot, nothing more."

20. Edom replied: 'You shall not pass,' and Edom opposed them in great numbers and great force.

20. But he said, "You shall not pass through." And Edom came out against them with many men, and with a strong force.

21. At Edom's refusal to grant Israel passage through his territory, Israel turned away.

21. Thus Edom refused to give Israel passage through his territory; so Israel turned away from him.

22. They set out from Kadesh, and the Israelites, the whole community, came to Mount Hor.

22. And they journeyed from Kadesh, and the people of Israel, the whole congregation, came to Mount Hor.

23. Yahweh spoke to Moses and Aaron at Mount Hor, on the frontier of Edom, and said,

23. And the LORD said to Moses and Aaron at Mount Hor, on the border of the land of Edom,

24. 'Aaron is to be gathered to his people; he will not enter the country which I have given to the Israelites, since you both disobeyed my order at the Waters of Meribah.

24. "Aaron shall be gathered to his people; for he shall not enter the land which I have given to the people of Israel, because you rebelled against my command at the waters of Mer'ibah.

25. Take Aaron and his son Eleazar and bring them up Mount Hor.

25. Take Aaron and Elea'zar his son, and bring them up to Mount Hor;

26. Then take Aaron's robes off him and dress his son Eleazar in them. Aaron will then be gathered to his people; that is where he will die.'

26. and strip Aaron of his garments, and put them upon Elea'zar his son; and Aaron shall be gathered to his people, and shall die there."

27. Moses did as Yahweh ordered. With the whole community watching, they went up Mount Hor.

27. Moses did as the LORD commanded; and they went up Mount Hor in the sight of all the congregation.

28. Moses took Aaron's robes off him and dressed his son Eleazar in them, and there Aaron died, on the mountain-top. Moses and Eleazar then came back down the mountain.

28. And Moses stripped Aaron of his garments, and put them upon Elea'zar his son; and Aaron died there on the top of the mountain. Then Moses and Elea'zar came down from the mountain.

29. The whole community saw that Aaron had died, and for thirty days the whole House of Israel mourned for Aaron.

29. And when all the congregation saw that Aaron was dead, all the house of Israel wept for Aaron thirty days.



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20:1-5 - Il popolo si lamenta ancora della mancanza d'acqua a Meriba. Questo riflette il comportamento degli Israeliti, fatto di mormorazioni e mancanza di fede, anche dopo aver assistito ai miracoli di Dio nel deserto (vedi anche Esodo 17:1-3 e 1 Corinzi 10:10-11).

20:6-9 - Mosè e Aronne cercano la guida di Dio, ed Egli ordina a Mosè di parlare alla roccia affinché l'acqua possa sgorgare. Questo evento sottolinea l'importanza di obbedire fedelmente alle istruzioni di Dio (vedi anche Salmo 106:32-33 ed Ebrei 3:7-12).

20:10-13 - Mosè, tuttavia, colpì la roccia invece di parlarle, come Dio aveva comandato. Per questa disobbedienza, a Mosè e Aronne fu impedito di entrare nella Terra Promessa. Ciò dimostra che anche i leader spirituali sono ritenuti responsabili delle loro azioni (vedi anche Deuteronomio 34:4-5 e Giacomo 3:1).

20:14-21 - Gli Edomiti negano il passaggio agli Israeliti, nonostante siano lontani parenti. Questo episodio riflette le tensioni tra i popoli e le difficoltà che Israele incontra sulla strada verso la Terra Promessa (vedi anche Genesi 25:30-34 e Abdia 1:10-14).

20:22-29 - La morte di Aronne è narrata quando gli succede il figlio Eleazaro. La successione di Aronne sottolinea la continuità del sacerdozio levitico e l'adempimento delle promesse di Dio di mantenere la linea sacerdotale (vedi anche Esodo 29:9 ed Ebrei 7:23-24).

Versi relativi a Numbers, 20:

Il capitolo 20 di Numeri racconta gli eventi critici nel viaggio di Israele. Come affronta la leadership le sfide? Questo testo fondamentale racconta la morte di Miriam, il peccato di Mosè nel colpire la roccia e la morte di Aronne. Il capitolo affronta i temi della ribellione, delle conseguenze della disobbedienza e della transizione della leadership. Numeri 20 descrive anche il conflitto con Edom, illustrando le complesse relazioni tra le nazioni. Considera con noi cinque passaggi biblici correlati ai temi di grande impatto di questo capitolo trasformativo.

1 Corinzi 10:4: "E bevevano dalla stessa fonte spirituale; poiché bevevano alla roccia spirituale che li accompagnava, e quella roccia era Cristo." - Paolo fa un'interpretazione allegorica della roccia che Mosè colpì in Numeri 20, identificandola con Cristo.

Salmi 106:32-33: "Presso le acque di Meriba provocarono l'ira del Signore e per causa loro Mosè fu punito; poiché si ribellarono allo Spirito di Dio e le labbra di Mosè parlarono avventatamente." - Questo salmo fa riferimento direttamente all'incidente in Numeri 20 in cui Mosè colpì la roccia.

Deuteronomio 32:51: "Poiché mi sei stato infedele davanti agli Israeliti presso le acque di Meribah di Kadesh nel deserto di Zin, e non hai manifestato la mia santità tra gli Israeliti." - Mosè ricorda l'episodio di Numeri 20 e le sue conseguenze.

Ebrei 3:8: "Non indurite i vostri cuori come nella ribellione, durante il tempo della prova nel deserto," - L'autore della Lettera agli Ebrei allude agli avvenimenti del deserto, compresi quelli di Numeri 20, come monito contro la ribellione.

Ezechiele 47:1-12: "Quell'uomo mi condusse all'ingresso del tempio e vidi l'acqua che usciva da sotto la soglia del tempio e scorreva dal lato meridionale del tempio, a sud dell'altare." - La visione di Ezechiele dell'acqua che scorre dal tempio può essere vista come un adempimento spirituale del miracolo dell'acqua dalla roccia in Numeri 20.

FAQ:

Cosa accadde a Meriba quando Mosè colpì la roccia?

Mosè colpì la roccia di Meriba e ne sgorgò acqua per dissetare gli Israeliti. Tuttavia, Mosè fu rimproverato da Dio per non aver onorato la Sua santità. (Numeri 20:11-12)

Perché a Mosè e ad Aaronne fu impedito di entrare nella Terra Promessa?

A Mosè e Aronne fu impedito di entrare nella Terra Promessa perché, a Meriba, non avevano confidato pienamente in Dio e non Lo avevano santificato davanti al popolo. (Numeri 20:12)

Come reagirono gli Israeliti alla morte di Miriam in Numeri 20?

La morte di Miriam portò lutto agli Israeliti. Era stata una guida importante durante l'esodo dall'Egitto e la sua morte segnò la fine di un'era di leadership. (Numeri 20:1)

Cosa significa il nome "Meribah"?

Il nome "Meriba" significa "contesa" o "disputa", perché era il luogo in cui gli Israeliti contesero con Mosè e Dio, chiedendo acqua nel deserto. (Numeri 20:13)

Cosa accadde ad Aaronne in Numeri 20?

Aronne morì sul monte Or, dopo che Dio ordinò a Mosè di portarlo lì. Le sue vesti sacerdotali furono trasmesse a suo figlio Eleazaro, come Dio aveva stabilito. (Numeri 20:23-29)


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