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Deuteronomy, 18

1. 'The levitical priests, the whole tribe of Levi will be without share or heritage of their own in Israel; they will live on the foods offered to Yahweh and on his heritage.

1. The priests the Levites, [and] all the tribe of Levi, shall have no part nor inheritance with Israel: they shall eat the offerings of the LORD made by fire, and his inheritance.

2. Levi will have no heritage of his own among his brothers; Yahweh will be his heritage, as he has promised him.

2. Therefore shall they have no inheritance among their brethren: the LORD [is] their inheritance, as he hath said unto them.

3. 'This is what is due to the priests from the people, from those who offer an ox or a sheep in sacrifice: the priest must be given the shoulder, the cheeks and the stomach.

3. And this shall be the priest's due from the people, from them that offer a sacrifice, whether [it be] ox or sheep; and they shall give unto the priest the shoulder, and the two cheeks, and the maw.

4. You must give him the first-fruits of your wheat, of your new wine and of your oil, as well as the first-fruits of your sheep-shearing.

4. The firstfruit [also] of thy corn, of thy wine, and of thine oil, and the first of the fleece of thy sheep, shalt thou give him.

5. For Yahweh your God has chosen him from all your tribes to stand before Yahweh your God, to do the duties of the sacred ministry, and to bless in Yahweh's name -- him and his sons for all time.

5. For the LORD thy God hath chosen him out of all thy tribes, to stand to minister in the name of the LORD, him and his sons for ever.

6. 'If a Levite living in one of your towns anywhere in Israel decides to move to the place chosen by Yahweh,

6. And if a Levite come from any of thy gates out of all Israel, where he sojourned, and come with all the desire of his mind unto the place which the LORD shall choose;

7. he shall minister there in the name of Yahweh his God like all his fellow Levites who stand ministering there in the presence of Yahweh,

7. Then he shall minister in the name of the LORD his God, as all his brethren the Levites [do], which stand there before the LORD.

8. eating equal shares with them -- what he has from the sale of his patrimony notwithstanding.

8. They shall have like portions to eat, beside that which cometh of the sale of his patrimony.

9. 'When you have entered the country given you by Yahweh your God, you must not learn to imitate the detestable practices of the nations there already.

9. When thou art come into the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee, thou shalt not learn to do after the abominations of those nations.

10. There must never be anyone among you who makes his son or daughter pass through the fire of sacrifice, who practises divination, who is soothsayer, augur or sorcerer,

10. There shall not be found among you [any one] that maketh his son or his daughter to pass through the fire, [or] that useth divination, [or] an observer of times, or an enchanter, or a witch,

11. weaver of spells, consulter of ghosts or mediums, or necromancer.

11. Or a charmer, or a consulter with familiar spirits, or a wizard, or a necromancer.

12. For anyone who does these things is detestable to Yahweh your God; it is because of these detestable practices that Yahweh your God is driving out these nations before you.

12. For all that do these things [are] an abomination unto the LORD: and because of these abominations the LORD thy God doth drive them out from before thee.

13. 'You must be faultless in your relationship with Yahweh your God.

13. Thou shalt be perfect with the LORD thy God.

14. For these nations whom you are going to dispossess have listened to soothsayers and mediums, but Yahweh your God does not permit you to do this. From among yourselves, from among your own brothers,

14. For these nations, which thou shalt possess, hearkened unto observers of times, and unto diviners: but as for thee, the LORD thy God hath not suffered thee so [to do].

15. Yahweh your God will raise up a prophet like me; you will listen to him.

15. The LORD thy God will raise up unto thee a Prophet from the midst of thee, of thy brethren, like unto me; unto him ye shall hearken;

16. This is exactly what you asked Yahweh your God to do -- at Horeb, on the day of the Assembly, when you said, "Never let me hear the voice of Yahweh my God or see this great fire again, or I shall die."

16. According to all that thou desiredst of the LORD thy God in Horeb in the day of the assembly, saying, Let me not hear again the voice of the LORD my God, neither let me see this great fire any more, that I die not.

17. Then Yahweh said to me,

17. And the LORD said unto me, They have well [spoken that] which they have spoken.

18. "What they have said is well said. From their own brothers I shall raise up a prophet like yourself;

18. I will raise them up a Prophet from among their brethren, like unto thee, and will put my words in his mouth; and he shall speak unto them all that I shall command him.

19. I shall put my words into his mouth and he will tell them everything I command him. Anyone who refuses to listen to my words, spoken by him in my name, will have to render an account to me.

19. And it shall come to pass, [that] whosoever will not hearken unto my words which he shall speak in my name, I will require [it] of him.

20. But the prophet who presumes to say something in my name which I have not commanded him to say, or who speaks in the name of other gods, that prophet must die."

20. But the prophet, which shall presume to speak a word in my name, which I have not commanded him to speak, or that shall speak in the name of other gods, even that prophet shall die.

21. 'You may be privately wondering, "How are we to tell that a prophecy does not come from Yahweh?"

21. And if thou say in thine heart, How shall we know the word which the LORD hath not spoken?

22. When a prophet speaks in the name of Yahweh and the thing does not happen and the word is not fulfilled, then it has not been said by Yahweh. The prophet has spoken presumptuously. You have nothing to fear from him.'

22. When a prophet speaketh in the name of the LORD, if the thing follow not, nor come to pass, that [is] the thing which the LORD hath not spoken, [but] the prophet hath spoken it presumptuously: thou shalt not be afraid of him.



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18:1-2 - The priests and Levites are highlighted as God's representatives among the people, emphasizing the importance of religious service and the support of spiritual leaders. Their support is seen as part of God's care for His people (see also Numbers 18:20-24 and Hebrews 7:12).

18:9-14 - Prohibitions against pagan practices emphasize the need for spiritual purity and the separation of God's people from ungodly customs. Obedience to these guidelines is essential to maintaining a right relationship with God (see also Leviticus 20:23 and 1 Corinthians 10:21).

18:15-19 - The promise of a prophet like Moses points to the coming of Jesus Christ, who fulfills this prophecy as the definitive Mediator between God and humanity. This expectation is fundamental to both Jewish and Christian faith (see also Acts 3:22-23 and John 1:45).

18:20-22 - The importance of discerning between true and false prophets is emphasized, showing that the authenticity of the message must be tested. This highlights the people's responsibility to hear God's voice and follow the truth (see also 1 John 4:1 and Matthew 7:15).

18:3-4 - The portion given to the priests and Levites is mentioned, reinforcing the idea that those who serve God should be supported by the people, reflecting the principle that work in ministry should be valued (see also 1 Timothy 5:17-18 and Galatians 6:6).

Versi relativi a Deuteronomy, 18:

Deuteronomy chapter 18 addresses the support of spiritual leaders and true prophecy. How does God provide for the Levites and prophets? This crucial text details the provisions for the priests and Levites, emphasizing their sacred role. The chapter also provides guidelines for discerning true prophets, including the promise of a prophet like Moses. Deuteronomy 18 balances sustaining the ministry with protecting against false prophecies, setting standards for spiritual leadership. Consider with us five biblical passages that illuminate the enduring principles of this foundational chapter.

Acts 3:22-23: "For Moses said, 'The Lord God will raise up for them a prophet like me from among their brothers; listen to him in everything he tells you. Whoever does not listen to this prophet will be eliminated from among his people'." - Peter quotes Deuteronomy 18:15,18-19 and applies this prophecy to Jesus, identifying him as the promised prophet.

1 Samuel 28:7-8: "Saul then ordered his assistants: 'Look for a woman who invokes spirits, so that I can consult her'. They replied, 'There is one in En-dor.' Saul disguised himself, putting on other clothes, and went at night, with two men, to the woman's house. He said to him: 'Consult a spirit for me, evoking the one I ask for'." - This passage shows the violation of the prohibition of Deuteronomy 18:10-11 against the practice of necromancy.

Jeremiah 14:14: "Then the Lord said to me, 'The prophets are prophesying lies in my name. I did not send them, nor did I give them orders, nor did I speak to them. They are prophesying to you false visions, useless divinations and delusions of your own minds.'" - This verse reflects the warning in Deuteronomy 18:20-22 against false prophets.

1 Corinthians 9:13-14: "Do you not know that those who work in the temple feed on the things of the temple, and that those who serve before the altar partake of what is offered on the altar? In the same way the Lord commanded those who preach the gospel to live by the gospel." - Paul references the provision for the Levites in Deuteronomy 18:1-8, applying the principle to ministers of the gospel.

Hebrews 2:17: "For this reason it was necessary for him to become like his brothers in all aspects, to become a merciful and faithful high priest towards God and to make propitiation for the sins of the people." - This verse alludes to the promise of a prophet "from among his brethren" in Deuteronomy 18:15, applying it to Jesus as high priest.

FAQ:

Who were the Levites and what was their role in Deuteronomy 18?

The Levites were the priests of Israel, and their inheritance was the service of the Lord. They had no land, for God was their portion. (Deuteronomy 18:1-2)

What is the role of the prophet promised by God in Deuteronomy 18?

God promised to raise up a prophet like Moses to guide Israel, and the people were to listen to him, for he would speak for God. (Deuteronomy 18:15-19)

What does God prohibit regarding witchcraft in Deuteronomy 18?

God forbids practices such as witchcraft, divination, and consulting spirits, as they are abominations. The people must trust only in God. (Deuteronomy 18:10-12)

How was Israel supposed to identify false prophets in Deuteronomy 18?

A prophet is false if his prophecies do not come true or if he leads people to worship other gods. Such a prophet is not to be feared. (Deuteronomy 18:20-22)

What is the role of the Levites in relation to the people of Israel?

The Levites were to serve as intermediaries between God and the people, performing sacrifices and guiding Israel in divine law. They were supported by the people's offerings. (Deuteronomy 18:1-5)


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