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Numbers, 30

1. And Moses spake unto the heads of the tribes concerning the children of Israel, saying, This [is] the thing which the LORD hath commanded.

1. Moses told the people of Israel exactly what Yahweh had commanded him.

2. If a man vow a vow unto the LORD, or swear an oath to bind his soul with a bond; he shall not break his word, he shall do according to all that proceedeth out of his mouth.

2. Moses spoke to the leaders of the tribes of Israel. He said, "This is what Yahweh has commanded:

3. If a woman also vow a vow unto the LORD, and bind herself by a bond, [being] in her father's house in her youth;

3. If a man makes a vow to give something to Yahweh or a solemn promise to abstain from something, he must not break his promise: whatever he promises by word of mouth he must do.

4. And her father hear her vow, and her bond wherewith she hath bound her soul, and her father shall hold his peace at her: then all her vows shall stand, and every bond wherewith she hath bound her soul shall stand.

4. If a woman makes a vow to give something to the Lord or a solemn promise to abstain from something while she is still young and lives in her father's house,

5. But if her father disallow her in the day that he heareth; not any of her vows, or of her bonds wherewith she hath bound her soul, shall stand: and the LORD shall forgive her, because her father disallowed her.

5. and if he hears about this vow or promise made by her and says nothing to her about it, she must do whatever she has promised.

6. And if she had at all an husband, when she vowed, or uttered ought out of her lips, wherewith she bound her soul;

6. But if the father on the day he learns of it expresses his disapproval of it, then she is not required to keep her promise. Yahweh will not hold her to her promise, since her father has expressed his disapproval.

7. And her husband heard [it,] and held his peace at her in the day that he heard [it]: then her vows shall stand, and her bonds wherewith she bound her soul shall stand.

7.

8. But if her husband disallowed her on the day that he heard [it]; then he shall make her vow which she vowed, and that which she uttered with her lips, wherewith she bound her soul, of none effect: and the LORD shall forgive her.

8. If a woman makes a vow before being married or makes a solemn promise to abstain from something, either deliberately or without giving it much thought, she must do everything she vowed even after she marries if her husband learns of it and says nothing about it.

9. But every vow of a widow, and of her that is divorced, wherewith they have bound their souls, shall stand against her.

9. But if on the day he learns of it he expresses his disapproval to her, she is not required to keep her promise. Yahweh will not hold her to it.

10. And if she vowed in her husband's house, or bound her soul by a bond with an oath;

10. Any vow of a widow or of a divorced woman, or any pledge to which she binds herself is valid.

11. And her husband heard [it], and held his peace at her, [and] disallowed her not: then all her vows shall stand, and every bond wherewith she bound her soul shall stand.

11. If she has made a vow or a solemn promise to abstain from something while in her husband's house,

12. But if her husband hath utterly made them void on the day he heard [them; then] whatsoever proceeded out of her lips concerning her vows, or concerning the bond of her soul, shall not stand: her husband hath made them void; and the LORD shall forgive her.

12. and if when the husband learns of it he says nothing to her and does not express disapproval to her, then she must do whatever she has vowed or solemnly promised to abstain from.

13. Every vow, and every binding oath to afflict the soul, her husband may establish it, or her husband may make it void.

13. But if the husband forbids it on the day he learns of it, she is not required to do whatever she has vowed or solemnly promised. Yahweh will not hold her to it.

14. But if her husband altogether hold his peace at her from day to day; then he establisheth all her vows, or all her bonds, which [are] upon her: he confirmeth them, because he held his peace at her in the day that he heard [them].

14. Any vow or solemn promise to abstain from something that the wife makes, must be allowed or forbidden by the husband.

15. But if he shall any ways make them void after that he hath heard [them]; then he shall bear her iniquity.

15. If by the following day the husband has said nothing to her, it means that he approves or allows her vow, whatever it may be, or her solemn promise, whatever it may be. He confirms the vows of his wife by saying nothing on the day he learns of them.

16. These [are] the statutes, which the LORD commanded Moses, between a man and his wife, between the father and his daughter, [being yet] in her youth in her father's house.

16. But if he forbids them a long time after he learned of them, then he must suffer what results from the wife's failure to fulfill the vow or solemn promise."

17.

17. These are the laws given by Yahweh to Moses, concerning the relationship between man and wife, and between a father and his daughter while still young and living in her father's home.



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Alaviitteet:

30:1-2 - God establishes the importance of keeping vows made to Him. Integrity and seriousness in committing to God are fundamental to the life of faith, and breaking a vow is considered a serious sin (see also Ecclesiastes 5:4-5 and Matthew 5:33-37).

30:3-5 - The law regarding women's vows states that a father or husband can annul vows made by a daughter or wife. This reflects the patriarchal system of the time, but also the protection of women under family authority (see also Ephesians 5:22-24 and 1 Peter 3:1-6).

30:6-8 - Vows made by a married woman can be annulled by her husband if he disavows them upon hearing them. This reflects the man's spiritual authority in the home, according to the practices of the Law of Moses (see also Numbers 30:13 and 1 Corinthians 11:3).

30:9-12 - Widowed or divorced women, when making vows, are responsible for fulfilling their promises, since they do not have a male authority figure over them. This reinforces personal responsibility before God (see also 1 Timothy 5:5-6 and Psalm 56:12).

30:13-16 - The husband has the power to confirm or nullify any vow his wife makes. The chapter's conclusion emphasizes the established authority in the family and the accountability of both spouses before God (see also Ephesians 5:25 and Colossians 3:18-19).

Aiheeseen liittyvät säkeet Numbers, 30:

Numbers chapter 30 addresses the issue of votes. How important are our promises to God? This instructive text establishes regulations regarding vows made by men and women. The chapter explores themes of personal responsibility, family authority, and the seriousness of commitments to God. Numbers 30 emphasizes the importance of integrity and careful consideration before making promises. Consider with us five biblical passages that relate to the ethical themes of this challenging chapter.

Matthew 5:33-37: "You have also heard what was said to your ancestors: 'Do not swear falsely, but fulfill the oaths you swore before the Lord.' But I tell you: Do not swear at all [...] Let your 'yes' be 'yes', and your 'no' be 'no'; anything beyond that comes from the Evil One." - Jesus references the practice of making vows, which is regulated in Numbers 30, offering a new perspective on oaths and promises.

Ecclesiastes 5:4-5: "When you make a vow to God, do not delay in fulfilling it. He is not pleased with fools; keep your vow. It is better not to make a vow than to make one and not fulfill it." - This text echoes the instructions on vows in Numbers 30, emphasizing the importance of fulfilling vows made to God.

Deuteronomy 23:21-23: "If you make a vow to the Lord your God, do not delay in fulfilling it, for the Lord your God will certainly call you to account, and you will be guilty of sin. But if you abstain from making the vow, you are not guilty. Fulfill what your lips promised, for you, of your own free will, vowed to the Lord your God with your own mouth." - This passage in Deuteronomy reinforces and expands the instructions on vows given in Numbers 30.

Acts 18:18: "Paul remained in Corinth for many days. Then, he said goodbye to his brothers and embarked for Syria, accompanied by Priscilla and Aquila. In Cenchrea he had his hair cut, because of a vow he had made." - This passage shows that the practice of vowing, regulated in Numbers 30, continued into the New Testament period.

Psalms 116:14: "I will fulfill my vows to the Lord in the presence of all his people." - This verse reflects the correct attitude toward vows as instructed in Numbers 30, emphasizing the fulfillment of vows made to God.

FAQ:

What does the law say about vows made by women in Numbers 30?

The law in Numbers 30 teaches that vows made by a married woman or under her father's authority can be annulled by them if they disagree. If they are not annulled, they are binding. (Numbers 30:3-16)

How are men's vows treated in Numbers 30?

Vows made by men are considered inviolable and must be kept. Numbers 30 emphasizes the importance of personal accountability before God. (Numbers 30:2)

What is the difference between single and married vows?

An unmarried woman’s vows can be annulled by her father, while a married woman’s vows can be annulled by her husband, provided they are immediately challenged. (Numbers 30:3-8)

Why were vows so important in Israeli culture?

Vows were sacred promises made to God, and violating them was considered a grave sin. Keeping them demonstrated faithfulness and integrity. (Numbers 30:2)

What happens if the husband or father hears the vow and remains silent?

If the husband or father hears the vow and does not object, it becomes binding on the woman. His silence is considered acceptance of the vow. (Numbers 30:14-15)


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