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Liber Deuteronomii, 31

1. Abiit itaque Moyses et locu tus est omnia verba haec ad universum Israel

1. So Moses continued to speak these words to all Israel.

2. et dixit ad eos: “Centum viginti annorum sum hodie, non possum ultra egredi et ingredi, praesertim cum et Dominus dixerit mihi: “Non transibis Iordanem istum”.

2. And he said to them, "I am a hundred and twenty years old this day; I am no longer able to go out and come in. The LORD has said to me, `You shall not go over this Jordan.'

3. Dominus Deus tuus ipse transibit ante te; ipse delebit gentes has in conspectu tuo, et possidebis eas, et Iosue transibit ante te, sicut locutus est Dominus.

3. The LORD your God himself will go over before you; he will destroy these nations before you, so that you shall dispossess them; and Joshua will go over at your head, as the LORD has spoken.

4. Facietque Dominus eis, sicut fecit Sehon et Og regibus Amorraeorum et terrae eorum delevitque eos.

4. And the LORD will do to them as he did to Sihon and Og, the kings of the Amorites, and to their land, when he destroyed them.

5. Cum ergo et hos tradiderit vobis, similiter facietis eis, sicut praecepi vobis.

5. And the LORD will give them over to you, and you shall do to them according to all the commandment which I have commanded you.

6. Viriliter agite et confortamini; nolite timere nec paveatis a conspectu eorum, quia Dominus Deus tuus ipse est ductor tuus et non dimittet nec derelinquet te”.

6. Be strong and of good courage, do not fear or be in dread of them: for it is the LORD your God who goes with you; he will not fail you or forsake you."

7. Vocavitque Moyses Iosue et dixit ei coram omni Israel: “Confortare et esto robustus; tu enim introduces populum istum in terram, quam daturum se patribus eorum iuravit Dominus, et tu eam sorte divides eis.

7. Then Moses summoned Joshua, and said to him in the sight of all Israel, "Be strong and of good courage; for you shall go with this people into the land which the LORD has sworn to their fathers to give them; and you shall put them in possession of it.

8. Et Dominus, qui ductor tuus est, ipse erit tecum, non dimittet nec derelinquet te; noli timere nec paveas”.

8. It is the LORD who goes before you; he will be with you, he will not fail you or forsake you; do not fear or be dismayed."

9. Et scripsit Moyses legem hanc et tradidit eam sacerdotibus filiis Levi, qui portabant arcam foederis Domini, et cunctis senioribus Israel;

9. And Moses wrote this law, and gave it to the priests the sons of Levi, who carried the ark of the covenant of the LORD, and to all the elders of Israel.

10. praecepitque eis dicens: “Post septem annos, anno remissionis, in sollemnitate Tabernaculorum,

10. And Moses commanded them, "At the end of every seven years, at the set time of the year of release, at the feast of booths,

11. convenientibus cunctis ex Israel, ut appareant in conspectu Domini Dei tui in loco, quem elegerit, leges verba legis huius coram omni Israel, audientibus eis;

11. when all Israel comes to appear before the LORD your God at the place which he will choose, you shall read this law before all Israel in their hearing.

12. congrega populum tam viros quam mulieres, parvulos et advenas, qui sunt intra portas tuas, ut audientes discant et timeant Dominum Deum vestrum et custodiant impleantque omnes sermones legis huius;

12. Assemble the people, men, women, and little ones, and the sojourner within your towns, that they may hear and learn to fear the LORD your God, and be careful to do all the words of this law,

13. filii quoque eorum, qui nunc ignorant, audiant et discant timere Dominum Deum vestrum cunctis diebus, quibus versamini in terra, ad quam vos, Iordane transmisso, pergitis obtinendam”.

13. and that their children, who have not known it, may hear and learn to fear the LORD your God, as long as you live in the land which you are going over the Jordan to possess."

14. Et ait Dominus ad Moysen: “Ecce prope sunt dies mortis tuae; voca Iosue, et state in tabernaculo conventus, ut praecipiam ei”. Abierunt ergo Moyses et Iosue et steterunt in tabernaculo conventus;

14. And the LORD said to Moses, "Behold, the days approach when you must die; call Joshua, and present yourselves in the tent of meeting, that I may commission him." And Moses and Joshua went and presented themselves in the tent of meeting.

15. apparuitque Dominus ibi in columna nubis, quae stetit in introitu tabernaculi.

15. And the LORD appeared in the tent in a pillar of cloud; and the pillar of cloud stood by the door of the tent.

16. Dixitque Dominus ad Moysen: “Ecce tu dormies cum patribus tuis, et populus iste consurgens fornicabitur post deos alienos terrae, ad quam ingredietur; ibi derelinquet me et irritum faciet foedus, quod pepigi cum eo.

16. And the LORD said to Moses, "Behold, you are about to sleep with your fathers; then this people will rise and play the harlot after the strange gods of the land, where they go to be among them, and they will forsake me and break my covenant which I have made with them.

17. Et irascetur furor meus contra eum in die illo, et derelinquam eos et abscondam faciem meam ab eis, et erit in devorationem; invenient eum mala multa et afflictiones, ita ut dicat in illo die: “Vere, quia non est Deus mecum, invenerunt me haec mala”.

17. Then my anger will be kindled against them in that day, and I will forsake them and hide my face from them, and they will be devoured; and many evils and troubles will come upon them, so that they will say in that day, `Have not these evils come upon us because our God is not among us?'

18. Ego autem abscondam et celabo faciem meam in die illo, propter omnia mala, quae fecit, quia secutus est deos alienos.

18. And I will surely hide my face in that day on account of all the evil which they have done, because they have turned to other gods.

19. Nunc itaque scribite vobis canticum istud, et doce filios Israel, ut memoriter teneant et ore decantent, ut sit mihi carmen istud pro testimonio inter filios Israel.

19. Now therefore write this song, and teach it to the people of Israel; put it in their mouths, that this song may be a witness for me against the people of Israel.

20. Introducam enim eum in terram, pro qua iuravi patribus eius, lacte et melle manantem. Cumque comederit et saturatus crassusque fuerit, avertetur ad deos alienos, et servient eis detrahentque mihi et irritum facient pactum meum.

20. For when I have brought them into the land flowing with milk and honey, which I swore to give to their fathers, and they have eaten and are full and grown fat, they will turn to other gods and serve them, and despise me and break my covenant.

21. Postquam invenerint eum mala multa et afflictiones, respondebit ei canticum istud pro testimonio, quod nulla delebit oblivio ex ore seminis sui; scio enim cogitationes eius, quae facit hodie, antequam introducam eum in terram, quam ei pollicitus sum”.

21. And when many evils and troubles have come upon them, this song shall confront them as a witness (for it will live unforgotten in the mouths of their descendants); for I know the purposes which they are already forming, before I have brought them into the land that I swore to give."

22. Scripsit ergo Moyses canticum istud in die illo et docuit filios Israel.

22. So Moses wrote this song the same day, and taught it to the people of Israel.

23. Praecepitque Dominus Iosue filio Nun et ait: “Confortare et esto robustus; tu enim introduces filios Israel in terram, quam eis pollicitus sum, et ego ero tecum”.

23. And the LORD commissioned Joshua the son of Nun and said, "Be strong and of good courage; for you shall bring the children of Israel into the land which I swore to give them: I will be with you."

24. Postquam ergo scripsit Moyses verba legis huius in volumine atque complevit,

24. When Moses had finished writing the words of this law in a book, to the very end,

25. praecepit Levitis, qui portabant arcam foederis Domini, dicens:

25. Moses commanded the Levites who carried the ark of the covenant of the LORD,

26. “Tollite librum legis istum et ponite eum in latere arcae foederis Domini Dei vestri, ut sit ibi contra te in testimonium.

26. "Take this book of the law, and put it by the side of the ark of the covenant of the LORD your God, that it may be there for a witness against you.

27. Ego enim scio contentionem tuam et cervicem tuam durissimam. Adhuc vivente me vobiscum, semper contentiose egistis contra Dominum; quanto magis cum mortuus fuero?

27. For I know how rebellious and stubborn you are; behold, while I am yet alive with you, today you have been rebellious against the LORD; how much more after my death!

28. Congregate ad me omnes maiores natu per tribus vestras atque praefectos vestros, et loquar audientibus eis sermones istos et invocabo contra eos caelum et terram.

28. Assemble to me all the elders of your tribes, and your officers, that I may speak these words in their ears and call heaven and earth to witness against them.

29. Novi enim quod post mortem meam inique agetis et declinabitis de via, quam praecepi vobis, et occurrent vobis mala in extremo tempore, quando feceritis malum in conspectu Domini, ut irritetis eum per opera manuum vestrarum”.

29. For I know that after my death you will surely act corruptly, and turn aside from the way which I have commanded you; and in the days to come evil will befall you, because you will do what is evil in the sight of the LORD, provoking him to anger through the work of your hands."

30. Locutus est ergo Moyses, audiente universo coetu Israel, verba carminis huius et ad finem usque complevit:

30. Then Moses spoke the words of this song until they were finished, in the ears of all the assembly of Israel:



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Footnotes:

31:1-3 - Moses, now elderly, prepares Joshua to lead Israel. This transition of leadership is an important aspect of God's continuing mission and highlights the importance of spiritual and practical preparation for the future (see also Numbers 27:18-20 and 1 Timothy 4:14).

31:4-6 - God's promise to be with Joshua as He was with Moses emphasizes God's faithfulness in leadership. Trust in God is essential for facing challenges and adversity (see also Isaiah 41:10 and Hebrews 13:5).

31:9-13 - Moses commands that the law be read every seven years, emphasizing the importance of teaching God's Word. Spiritual education is crucial to maintaining faith and obedience in the community (see also 2 Timothy 3:16-17 and Psalm 119:11).

31:14-23 - God tells Moses that He will raise up a prophet among the people, showing that He will continue to guide Israel through anointed leaders. Continuity of divine revelation is essential to the life of the people (see also Acts 3:22 and Hebrews 1:1-2).

31:24-30 - Moses records the law and warns Israel of future rebellions. The gravity of sin and the need for repentance are emphasized, indicating that disobedience brings serious consequences (see also Deuteronomy 28:47-48 and Romans 6:23).

Verses related to Liber Deuteronomii, 31:

Deuteronomy chapter 31 marks the transition of leadership from Moses to Joshua. How does Moses prepare Israel for the future? This moving text records Moses' final words of encouragement, Joshua's public commission, and instructions for preserving and reading the law. The chapter also includes a divine warning about Israel's future apostasy. Deuteronomy 31 emphasizes the importance of continuity in leadership and faithfulness to the Word of God. Consider with us five biblical passages that correlate with the succession themes of this crucial chapter.

Joshua 1:6-7: "Be strong and courageous, for you will lead these people to inherit the land I swore to their ancestors. Just be strong and very courageous! Be careful to obey all the law that my servant Moses commanded you; do not turn from it to the right or to the left, so that you may succeed wherever you go." - This passage echoes Moses' words of encouragement to Joshua in Deuteronomy 31:7-8, showing continuity of leadership.

Hebrews 13:5: "Keep yourselves free from the love of money and be content with what you have, because God himself said: 'I will never leave you, I will never forsake you'." - This verse quotes God's promise in Deuteronomy 31:6,8, applying it to New Testament believers.

2 Timothy 3:14-15: "As for you, however, stick to the things you have learned and are convinced of, for you know from whom you learned it. Because since childhood you have known the sacred letters, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus." - This passage reflects Moses' command in Deuteronomy 31:10-13 about teaching children the law.

Revelation 15:3: "and they sang the song of Moses, the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb: 'Great and wonderful are your works, Lord God almighty. Just and true are your ways, O King of nations'." - This verse references the song of Moses mentioned in Deuteronomy 31:19-22.

Nehemiah 8:2-3: "The priest Ezra brought the Law before the assembly, which was made up of men and women and everyone who could understand. He read it aloud from sunrise until noon, facing the square, in front of the Water Gate, in the presence of men, women and those who could understand. And all the people listened attentively to the reading of the Book of the Law." - This scene echoes Moses' instruction in Deuteronomy 31:10-13 about the public reading of the Law.

FAQ:

What was Moses' instruction to Joshua in Deuteronomy 31?

Moses instructed Joshua to be strong and courageous, ensuring that he would lead the people into the Promised Land and follow God's law. (Deuteronomy 31:7-8)

How did Moses transmit the Law to the people of Israel?

Moses wrote the Law and gave it to the priests and leaders to read publicly every seven years, ensuring that everyone knew and followed God’s laws. (Deuteronomy 31:9, 11)

What did God reveal to Moses about Israel's future?

God revealed to Moses that the people would turn away from His ways and face hardship because of their disobedience, but that He would continue to be merciful. (Deuteronomy 31:16-18)

What was the role of the song that Moses composed?

The song composed by Moses would serve as a testimony against the people, reminding them of God’s laws and the consequences of their disobedience. (Deuteronomy 31:19-21)

What did Moses do before his death?

Moses climbed Mount Nebo to view the Promised Land and then handed over leadership to Joshua, preparing the people for the conquest of the land. (Deuteronomy 31:1-3)


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