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1 Samuel, 22

1. David left Gath and escaped to the cave of Adullam. When his brothers and the rest of his family heard about it, they came down to him there.

1. David left there and took refuge in the Cave of Adullam; his brothers and his father's whole family heard this and joined him there.

2. He was joined by all those who were in difficulties or in debt, or who were embittered, and he became their leader. About four hundred men were with him.

2. All those in distress, all those in debt, all those who had a grievance, gathered round him and he became their leader. There were about four hundred men with him.

3. From there David went to Mizpeh of Moab and said to the king of Moab, "Let my father and mother stay with you, until I learn what God will do for me."

3. From there David went to Mizpah in Moab and said to the king of Moab, 'Allow my father and mother to stay with you until I know what God intends to do for me.'

4. He left them with the king of Moab, and they stayed with him as long as David remained in the refuge.

4. He left them with the king of Moab and there they stayed all the time that David was in the stronghold.

5. But the prophet Gad said to David: "Do not remain in the refuge. Leave, and go to the land of Judah." And so David left and went to the forest of Hereth.

5. The prophet Gad, however, said to David, 'Do not stay in the stronghold; leave and make your way into the territory of Judah.' David then left and went to the forest of Hereth.

6. Now Saul heard that David and his men had been located. At the time he was sitting in Gibeah under a tamarisk tree on the high place, holding his spear, while all his servants were standing by.

6. When Saul heard that David and the men with him had been discovered, Saul was at Gibeah, seated under the tamarisk on the high place, spear in hand, with all his staff standing round him.

7. So he said to them: "Listen, men of Benjamin! Will the son of Jesse give all of you fields and vineyards? Will he make each of you an officer over a thousand or a hundred men,

7. 'Listen, Benjaminites!' said Saul to them, 'Is the son of Jesse going to give you all fields and vineyards and make all of you commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds

8. that you have all conspired against me and no one tells me that my son has made an agreement with the son of Jesse? None of you shows sympathy for me or discloses to me that my son has stirred up my servant to be an enemy against me, as is the case today."

8. that you all conspire against me? No one warned me when my son made a pact with the son of Jesse; none of you felt sorry for me or warned me when my son incited my servant to become my enemy, as he is now.'

9. Then Doeg the Edomite, who was standing with the officers of Saul, spoke up: "I saw the son of Jesse come to Ahimelech, son of Ahitub, in Nob.

9. Then, up spoke Doeg the Edomite, who was in command of Saul's staff, 'I saw the son of Jesse coming to Nob, to Ahimelech son of Ahitub.

10. He consulted the LORD for him and gave him supplies, and the sword of Goliath the Philistine as well."

10. That man consulted Yahweh on his behalf, gave him provisions and also the sword of Goliath the Philistine.'

11. At this the king sent a summons to Ahimelech the priest, son of Ahitub, and to all his family who were priests in Nob; and they all came to the king.

11. The king then sent for the priest Ahimelech son of Ahitub and his whole family, the priests of Nob; they all came to the king.

12. Then Saul said, "Listen, son of Ahitub!" He replied, "Yes, my lord."

12. Saul said, 'Now listen, son of Ahitub!' He replied, 'Here I am, my lord.'

13. Saul asked him, "Why did you conspire against me with the son of Jesse by giving him food and a sword and by consulting God for him, that he might rebel against me and become my enemy, as is the case today?"

13. 'Why have you conspired against me,' said Saul, 'you and the son of Jesse, giving him bread and a sword and consulting God on his behalf, for him to rebel against me as is now the case?'

14. Ahimelech answered the king: "And who among all your servants is as loyal as David, the king's son-in-law, captain of your bodyguard, and honored in your own house?

14. Ahimelech replied to the king, 'Of all those in your service, who is more loyal than David son-in-law to the king, captain of your bodyguard, honoured in your household?

15. Is this the first time I have consulted God for him? No indeed! Let not the king accuse his servant or anyone in my family of such a thing. Your servant knows nothing at all, great or small, about the whole matter."

15. Was today the first time I ever consulted God on his behalf? Indeed it was not! The king has no grounds for bringing any charge against his servant or against his whole family, for your servant knew nothing whatever about all this.'

16. But the king said, "You shall die, Ahimelech, with all your family."

16. The king retorted, 'You must die, Ahimelech, you and your whole family.'

17. The king then commanded his henchmen standing by: "Make the rounds and kill the priests of the LORD, for they assisted David. They knew he was a fugitive and yet failed to inform me." But the king's servants refused to lift a hand to strike the priests of the LORD.

17. The king said to the scouts who were standing round him, 'Forward! and put the priests of Yahweh to death, for they too are on David's side, they knew that he was escaping, yet did not warn me of it.' The king's professional soldiers, however, would not lift a hand to strike the priests of Yahweh.

18. The king therefore commanded Doeg, "You make the rounds and kill the priests!" So Doeg the Edomite went from one to the next and killed the priests himself, slaying on that day eighty-five who wore the linen ephod.

18. The king then said to Doeg, 'Forward, you! Fall on the priests!' Doeg the Edomite stepped forward and fell on the priests, himself that day killing eighty-five men who wore the linen ephod.

19. Saul also put the priestly city of Nob to the sword, including men and women, children and infants, and oxen, asses and sheep.

19. Nob, the town of the priests, Saul put to the sword: men and women, children and infants, cattle, donkeys and sheep.

20. One son of Ahimelech, son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped and fled to David.

20. One son of Ahimelech son of Ahitub alone escaped. His name was Abiathar, and he fled away to join David.

21. When Abiathar told David that Saul had slain the priests of the LORD,

21. When Abiathar told David that Saul had slaughtered the priests of Yahweh,

22. David said to him: "I knew that day, when Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would surely tell Saul. I am responsible for the death of all your family.

22. David said to Abiathar, 'I knew, that day when Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would be sure to inform Saul. I am responsible for the death of all your kinsmen.

23. Stay with me. Fear nothing; he that seeks your life must seek my life also. You are under my protection."

23. Stay with me, do not be afraid, for he who seeks your life seeks mine; you will be safe with me.'



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Fußnoten:

22:1-2 - David flüchtet in die Höhle von Adullam, wo er eine Gruppe desillusionierter und verschuldeter Männer um sich schart. Diese Armee aus Außenseitern spiegelt Davids Führungsstärke und seine Anziehungskraft auf die Ausgegrenzten wider (siehe auch Psalm 57:1-2 und Hebräer 11:32-34).

22:3-5 - David sucht den Schutz seiner Eltern in Moab, doch Gott weist ihn an, nach Juda zurückzukehren. Dies unterstreicht Davids Vertrauen, Gottes Anweisungen zu folgen, selbst inmitten der Verfolgung (siehe auch Psalm 23:3-4 und Sprüche 3:5-6).

22:6-8 - Saul beschuldigt seine Diener, gegen ihn zu intrigieren und kritisiert die Treue seiner Männer gegenüber David. Sauls Paranoia wächst und offenbart seine Angst, den Thron zu verlieren und sein allgemeines Misstrauen (siehe auch 1. Samuel 20:30-33 und Prediger 7:7).

22:9-10 - Doeg, der Edomiter, berichtet Saul, dass Ahimelech David in Nob geholfen hatte. Dies markiert den Beginn der Tragödie von Nob und zeigt, wie Verrat und Klatsch zur Zerstörung führen können (siehe auch Psalm 52:1-4 und Jakobus 3:5-6).

22:17-19 - Wütend befiehlt Saul die Hinrichtung der Priester von Nob. Doeg führt den Befehl aus und tötet 85 Männer. Diese grausame und ungerechte Tat spiegelt Sauls moralischen Verfall wider und steht im Gegensatz zu Davids Barmherzigkeit und Gerechtigkeit (siehe auch 1. Könige 14:8-10 und Psalm 37:12-15).

Verse im Zusammenhang mit 1 Samuel, 22:

1. Samuel, Kapitel 22 schildert die Folgen von Davids Flucht. Wie wirkt sich Sauls Paranoia auf das Königreich aus? Dieser dramatische Text beschreibt die Bildung der Gruppe von Davids Anhängern und das tragische Massaker an den Priestern von Nob auf Befehl Sauls. Das Kapitel befasst sich mit Themen wie Führung, Loyalität und den Auswirkungen von Eifersucht und Misstrauen. Das Überleben Abiathars ist ein Vorgeschmack auf die Kontinuität des Priestertums. Betrachten Sie mit uns fünf Bibelstellen, die mit den intensiven Themen dieses eindrucksvollen Kapitels korrelieren.

Psalmen 52:1: "Zum Musikmeister. Maskil von David. Als Doeg, der Edomiter, hinging, um Saul zu berichten, dass David zum Haus Ahimelechs gegangen war." - Der Titel dieses Psalms bezieht sich direkt auf die Ereignisse in 1. Samuel 22, wo Doeg Saul über David informiert.

Psalmen 142:1: "Maskil von David. Als er in der Höhle war. Ein Gebet." - Dieser Psalm wird traditionell mit der Zeit in Verbindung gebracht, als David vor Saul floh, wie in 1. Samuel 22 beschrieben.

Apostelgeschichte 13:22: "Nachdem er Saul abgesetzt hatte, erweckte er für sie David zum König, über den er bezeugte: „Ich habe David, den Sohn Isais, einen Mann nach meinem Herzen gefunden; er wird tun, was auch immer mein Wille ist.‘" - Diese Passage bezieht sich auf David als den Auserwählten Gottes, im Gegensatz zu Saul, und spiegelt die Ereignisse aus 1. Samuel 22 wider.

Matthäus 10:35-36: "Denn ich bin gekommen, um einen Mann mit seinem Vater in Konflikt zu bringen, eine Tochter gegen ihre Mutter, eine Schwiegertochter gegen ihre Schwiegermutter; Die Feinde eines Mannes werden die seiner eigenen Familie sein.'" - Diese Passage spiegelt den Familienkonflikt wider, den David in 1. Samuel 22 erlebt, wo er aufgrund der Verfolgung Sauls von seiner Familie getrennt wird.

Römer 12:19: "Nimm keine Rache, Geliebte, sondern überlasse deinen Zorn Gott, denn es steht geschrieben: „Mein ist die Rache; „Ich werde es zurückzahlen“, sagt der Herr." - Dieser Vers spiegelt Davids Haltung in 1. Samuel 22 wider, wo er nicht nach Rache an Saul strebt, sondern auf Gott vertraut.

FAQ:

Wo suchte David Zuflucht, nachdem er vor Saul geflohen war?

Er versteckte sich in der Höhle von Adullam, wo er eine treue Anhängerschaft um sich scharte. (1. Samuel 22:1-2)

Wer schloss sich David in der Höhle von Adullam an?

Menschen in Schulden, in Not und unzufrieden strömten zu ihm und bildeten seine Schar treuer Krieger. (1. Samuel 22:2)

Was tat Saul, als er erfuhr, dass Ahimelech David geholfen hatte?

Er befahl die Tötung Ahimelechs und der Priester von Nob und demonstrierte damit seine Grausamkeit und seine Distanz zu Gott. (1. Samuel 22:16-19)

Wer überlebte das Massaker an den Priestern?

Abjatar, der Sohn Ahimelechs, entkam und schloss sich David an. Er nahm das Ephod mit. (1. Samuel 22:20-23)

Wie bewies David im Exil Führungsstärke?

Er beschützte und leitete seine Anhänger und vertraute selbst angesichts von Verfolgung auf Gottes Führung. (1. Samuel 22:1-5)


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